docs/html/training/basics/firstapp/creating-project.jd

page.title=Creating an Android Project

page.tags=project setup
helpoutsWidget=true

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next.title=Running Your App
next.link=running-app.html

@jd:body


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<h2>This lesson teaches you to</h2>

<ol>
  <li><a href="#Studio">Create a Project with Android Studio</a></li>
</ol>

<h2>You should also read</h2>

<ul>
  <li><a href="{@docRoot}tools/projects/index.html">Managing Projects</a></li>
</ul>


</div>
</div>

<p>An Android project contains all the files that comprise the source code for your Android
app.</p>

<p>This lesson
shows how to create a new project either using Android Studio or using the
SDK tools from a command line.</p>

<p class="note"><strong>Note:</strong> You should already have Android Studio or the Android SDK
command-line tools installed. If not, <a
href="{@docRoot}studio/index.html">download them</a> before you start this
lesson.</p>


<h2 id="Studio">Create a Project with Android Studio</h2>

<ol>
  <li>In Android Studio, create a new project:
    <ul>
      <li>If you don't have a project opened, in the <strong>Welcome</strong> screen, click <strong>
        New Project</strong>.</li>
      <li>If you have a project opened, from the <strong>File</strong> menu, select <strong>New
        Project</strong>. The <em>Create New Project</em> screen appears.</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li>Fill out the fields on the screen, and click <strong>Next</strong>.
    <p>It is easier to follow these lessons if you use the same values as shown.</p>
    <ul>
      <li><strong>Application Name</strong> is the app name that appears to users.
          For this project, use "My First App."</li>
      <li><strong>Company domain</strong> provides a qualifier that will be appended to the package
        name; Android Studio will remember this qualifier for each new project you create.</li>
      <li><strong>Package name</strong> is the fully qualified name for the project (following the
        same rules as those for naming packages in the Java programming language). Your package name
        must be unique across all packages installed on the Android system. You can <strong>
        Edit</strong> this value independently from the application name or the company
        domain.</li>
      <li><strong>Project location</strong> is the directory on your system that holds the project
        files.</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li>Under <strong>Select the form factors your app will run on</strong>, check the box for <strong>
    Phone and Tablet</strong>.</li>
  <li>For <strong>Minimum SDK</strong>, select <strong>API 8: Android 2.2 (Froyo)</strong>.
    <p>The Minimum Required SDK is the earliest version of Android that your app supports,
      indicated using the <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-sdk-element.html#ApiLevels">
      API level</a>. To support as many devices as possible, you should set this to the lowest
      version available that allows your app to provide its core feature set. If any feature of your
      app is possible only on newer versions of Android and it's not critical to the app's core
      feature set, you can enable the feature only when running on the versions that support it (as
      discussed in <a href="{@docRoot}training/basics/supporting-devices/platforms.html">
      Supporting Different Platform Versions</a>).</p></li>
  <li>Leave all of the other options (TV, Wear, and Glass) unchecked and click <strong>Next.</strong></li>
  <div class="sidebox-wrapper">
    <div class="sidebox">
      <h3>Activities</h3>
      <p>An activity is one of the distinguishing features of the Android framework. Activities
        provide the user with access to your app, and there may be many activities. An application
        will usually have a main activity for when the user launches the application, another
        activity for when she selects some content to view, for example, and other activities for
        when she performs other tasks within the app. See <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/activities.html">
        Activities</a> for more information.</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <li>Under <strong>Add an activity to &lt;<em>template</em>&gt;</strong>,
  select <strong>Basic Activity</strong> and click <strong>Next</strong>.
  </li>

  <li>Under <strong>Customize the Activity</strong>, change the
  <strong>Activity Name</strong> to <em>MyActivity</em>. The <strong>Layout
  Name</strong> changes to <em>activity_my</em>, and the <strong>Title</strong>
  to <em>MyActivity</em>. The <strong>Menu Resource Name</strong> is
  <em>menu_my</em>.
  </li>

  <li>Click the <strong>Finish</strong> button to create the project.
  </li>
</ol>

<p>Your Android project is now a basic "Hello World" app that contains some default files. Take a
moment to review the most important of these:</p>

<dl>
  <dt><code>app/src/main/res/layout/activity_my.xml</code></dt>
  <dd>This XML layout file is for the activity you added when you created the project
  with Android Studio. Following the New Project workflow, Android Studio presents this file
  with both a text
    view and a preview of the screen UI. The file contains some default interface elements
    from the material design library, including the
    <a href="{@docRoot}training/appbar/index.html">app bar</a> and a floating action button.
    It also includes a separate layout file with the main content.</dd>

  <dt><code>app/src/main/res/layout/content_my.xml</code></dt>
  <dd>This XML layout file resides in {@code activity_my.xml}, and contains some settings and
  a {@code TextView} element that displays the message, "Hello world!".</dd>

  <dt><code>app/src/main/java/com.mycompany.myfirstapp/MyActivity.java</code></dt>
  <dd>A tab for this file appears in Android Studio when the New Project workflow finishes. When you
    select the file you see the class definition for the activity you created. When you build and
    run the app, the {@link android.app.Activity} class starts the activity and loads the layout file
    that says "Hello World!"</dd>
  <dt><code>app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml</code></dt>
  <dd>The <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest file</a> describes
    the fundamental characteristics of the app and defines each of its components. You'll revisit
    this file as you follow these lessons and add more components to your app.</dd>
  <dt><code>app/build.gradle</code></dt>
  <dd>Android Studio uses Gradle to compile and build your app. There is a <code>build.gradle</code>
    file for each module of your project, as well as a <code>build.gradle</code> file for the entire
    project. Usually, you're only interested in the <code>build.gradle</code> file for the module,
    in this case the <code>app</code> or application module. This is where your app's build dependencies
    are set, including the <code>defaultConfig</code> settings:
    <ul>
      <li><code>compiledSdkVersion</code> is the platform version against which you will compile
        your app. By default, this is set to the latest version of Android available in your SDK.
        (It should be Android 4.1 or greater; if you don't have such a version available, you must
        install one using the <a href="{@docRoot}studio/intro/update.html">SDK Manager</a>.)
        You can still build your app to support older versions, but setting this to the latest
        version allows you to enable new features and optimize your app for a great user experience
        on the latest devices.</li>
      <li><code>applicationId</code> is the fully qualified package name for your application that
        you specified during the New Project workflow.</li>
      <li><code>minSdkVersion</code> is the Minimum SDK version you specified during the New Project
        workflow. This is the earliest version of the Android SDK that your app supports.</li>
      <li><code>targetSdkVersion</code> indicates the highest version of Android with which you have
        tested your application. As new versions of Android become available, you should
        test your app on the new version and update this value to match the latest API level and
        thereby take advantage of new platform features. For more information, read
        <a href="{@docRoot}training/basics/supporting-devices/platforms.html">Supporting Different
          Platform Versions</a>.</li>
    </ul>
    <p>See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/build/index.html">Building Your Project with Gradle</a>
    for more information about Gradle.</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>Note also the <code>/res</code> subdirectories that contain the
<a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/overview.html">resources</a> for your application:</p>
<dl>
  <dt><code>drawable<em>-&lt;density&gt;</em>/</code></dt>
    <dd>Directories for <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/drawable-resource.html">
    drawable resources</a>, other than launcher icons, designed
    for various <a href="{@docRoot}training/multiscreen/screendensities.html">densities</a>.
</dd>
  <dt><code>layout/</code></dt>
    <dd>Directory for files that define your app's user interface like {@code activity_my.xml},
      discussed above, which describes a basic layout for the {@code MyActivity}
      class.</dd>
  <dt><code>menu/</code></dt>
    <dd>Directory for files that define your app's menu items.</dd>
  <dt><code>mipmap/</code></dt>
    <dd>Launcher icons reside in the {@code mipmap/} folder rather than the
    {@code drawable/} folders. This folder contains the {@code ic_launcher.png} image
    that appears when you run the default app.</dd>
  <dt><code>values/</code></dt>
    <dd>Directory for other XML files that contain a collection of resources, such as
      string and color definitions.</dd>
</dl>

<p>
  To run the app, continue to the <a href="running-app.html">next lesson</a>.
</p>